Thesis Definition and Examples in Composition

Australian Governmental Control During World War II

Australian Governmental Control in World War Two World War II was the most devastating war in history and saw more people killed, service men, women and civilians alike than any war before or since. Virtually every part of the world was included in the conflict during the years 1939-1945, and Australia was involved extensively. Due to the nature of war the Australian Government imposed a series of wartime controls and restrictions that negatively affected the everyday life of civilians. During World War II, laws were introduced that restricted individual freedoms to promote the idea of austerity. The policies included cutting consumption, going without, wasting nothing, living simply, conscription, manpower controls, rationing and†¦show more content†¦These include freedom of opinion, thought, association and freedom from arbitrary detention and are all about treating others fairly and being fairly treated yourself, and making genuine choices in daily life. Wilson says ‘Respect for human rights underpins the democrat ic processes of our society and is the cornerstone of a society that respects individuals and voluntary community collaboration’ (Tim Wilson, 2014). Despite this, the control the Australian Government exercised over its people in WWII encroached on all of these universally recognized human rights, and it was in 1948 after the atrocity of WWII that the Universal Declaration of Human Rights was internationalised. Throughout World War II the Australian Government implemented a number of wartime controls and restrictions on individual freedoms and consumption. Broadly, these included censorship, propaganda and rationing and they first came into play when the National Security Act of 1939 was passed. This act overpowered the guidelines of the constitution, hence giving the Commonwealth Government powers to make laws that it would otherwise not be authorised to (Anzacday organisation, 2015). Censorship was one of these new laws, and is the governmental control of information made public by the media, and so strictly banned the release of sensitive military information that The Department of

CRM in Hospitality Industries

Question: You are to identify and develop a research paper on a relevant CRM topic. You may choose any important topic under the CRM umbrella for your research. Relevant inputs for your paper can be gathered from published sources, interviews with experts, survey research, and the Internet. Possible topics include: Answer: Introduction: Aim of this research is to study the relevance of the application of Customer Relationship Management in hospitality industries. This research also provide the information based on proper study which essential for understanding CRM uses, due to which hospitality industry can serve in better and improved way to its customers. In hospitality industry customer satisfaction and maintaining good relationship is very vital part for getting success in business. During the research it observed that there are numerous literatures on the CRM applications importance and our study is based on rationale of researching CRM implications and benefit achieved from it. Regarding to the research criteria and its context appropriate research method has been selected. The research includes appropriate data from the hotels and to collect the primary data semi-structured interviews conducted from hotel managers and their staff and are also supported by secondary material. To analyze the collected data qualitative data analysis technique is used. The research observed that in the success and evaluation of hotel industries, traditional CRM forms has been essential factors and lead towards new renovation but on the other hand the new facts shows that with the help of eCRM, the hospitality industry gets global reach and marketing will be possible globally at a destination. eCRM introduces the advance culture in hospitality business and reach towards customers with computer and communication technologies (Chandra, Satish and Strickland, 2004). Competitive advantage will be achieved one over other by providing, managing and driving CRM in different ways and hence it is worth to research on this in depth. Rationale for Research: When starting any research based study it is essential to consider fundamental reasons serving behind conducting the study and this approach gives aim to the research project or that which is required to be researched. For this research proposal undertaking the research into CRM in hospitality industry is very much important and this influences the research trust. Understanding the CRM concept and studying its implementation is important for increasing the hospitality sector importance and increasing its demand and of course important for the understanding appropriate areas and enhancing and enlarging hospitality sector. Hence, the research project undertaking on CRM will not only benefit the particular industry and place where research is carried out in order to show new insights of hotel management and aim for the future (Bitner, 1990). Many of the hospitality industry around the world are successful just because of practicing and managing good customer relationship. It is not the case that only traditional CRM play important role in evaluation and success of hospitality industry but the another concept which is eCRM contributed similarly and from this approach computer and communication technologies are used and it will achieve internationalization in hospitality industry. As hotels can contact with their international customer by using new technology and customers can also find the suitable hotel for them. Hence it is important to research the right way of delivering and managing the CRM effort in hospitality and make it different. Literature Review: This Customer Relationship Management concepts is very magnificent as it swept the business world in nineteenth century, the concepts ensures that every businesses it may be small or large would interacted with their customer based in the changing ways and environment of businesses (Harvey, 1998). But after short period of its establishment it became an unwieldy process that means the process was better in terms of theory but not very impressive while it comes to practice in actual field due to various reasons. First and very important reason among all was it was not so easy to track all the records and keep those high volume records accurately and moreover that constantly upgrade those records (Deery, Iverson and Walsh, 2002). Today's business environment is very complex and hence only installing the software and integrating those software packages is not sufficient to implement successful CRM strategy and support CRM processes. For an effective and efficient CRM policy a holistic approach taken towards CRM is important. This approach includes training the employees, modifying the business processes which are based on customers needs and need to adopt relevant IT-systems, including software and hardware (Peccei and Rosenthal, 2001). By using those IT services is helpful in enabling the business sectors to follow its CRM strategy. The services provided by CRM can even redundant in terms if the acquisition of the CRM software licenses or hardware licenses. Now we will start talking about the answer of question which is going to be researched here that is applications in hospitality industry. According to the hotel industry CRM is simply define as a process of managing relation with the customer in an organized way as well as aiming to manage each Moment Of Truth which is experienced by customer (Boxall and Purcell, 2003). The main topic of consideration is also about the customer retention in hotel industry. In CRM language Touch Points are those points regarding to hotel industry where come in direct contact with the customer (Senker, 1995). Such contact points are important considerably for making direct interaction with customer and then provide valuable input to the hotel. The input provided by the customer has been captured as it becomes information and it can be used during various processes within the hotel (Campbell et al, 1993). This is being achieved with the help of technology and the aim is that wherever there is a customer interface with any of those processes and these processes further used that information for servicing the guest in most efficiently and as they required. Recent research evidence: A large series of studies conducted on word of mouth effects on hospitality industry in Sydney hotels and it is also illustrated that how customer values are varied through acquisition modes. Customers can be comparing on acquisition mode on three dimensions and that are rate of recommendation, retention and spending. We used qualitative research technique where 145 respondents were interviewed and among those 40% claimed that they chose particular hotel for vacations or for visit or for different purpose on the basis of recommendation, 18% choose the hotel by their advertising, 22% are due to the personal discovery and remaining people that is 20% choose particular hotel on the basis of other reasons. Certain factors are there which may drive customers to switch from particular organization and that are failure occur in maintaining core services such as mistake making during service providing, errors in billing, service catastrophe and so on. Applications After getting some finding from the research it is also important to find that how and where we can apply these finding. First in terms of customer retention it is observed that their benefits have been overstated. In the hospitality industries, managers need market research for their field in order to explain the customer responses on Reichhelds six claims (Huang, 2008). When it is observed that researches are spent on retention, then it is better to target them on the basis of complaints and on any other possible dimension (Rose, 1994). It is indicated from the research acquisition that the customers acquired by referral are superior to those acquired by advertising and promotion. The customers hardest to recruit are appear to be the most valuable customer base and it is the problem faced by hospitality sector (Babber and Koufteros, 2008). Hence the resources can be used to boost the advertising but it is less easy to expand referrals. What can managers do to increase the skills of customer service? Here we will discuss about the managers role in the hospitality industry in terms of increasing, shaping and developing the skills of employees. Manager can encounter certain problems during the management of customer services such as how they can direct, control and monitor customer service interaction without disturbing them (Cook and Macaulay, 1997). Service managers must make various design decisions when managing or improving service processes of customers. It is also suggested from some studies that there are certain choices in front of managers which they can choose to follow strategy of creating customer encounters and relationships (Holland and Baird, 1968). The latter involve considerably more efforts at building longer term interaction with clients and also keeping more trust worthy environment in performance skills of staff. In this section we will look at the use of standardized approaches to deliver customer services against the empowerment of employee approaches. The h uman resource practices have been reviewed which can be used within industries to instill and develop key customer service skills among staff (Humphreys, 1996). Management Control: Standardization versus empowerment It is the critical task for the manager to make decision on making the services standardized or using the more flexible and empowered approach (Winsted, 2000). The hospitality industries considering to cut the costs of customer service delivery, there have been constant pressures on building more standardize services in less time period. There are various examples take McDonalds chain, they reduced the individual treatment of customer expectations and also try to provide some semblance of personal service. Standardized services are often based on highly prescribed standard operating procedures which have to be learned and followed by the hotel staff. Such services are narrow and highly repetitive too (Brown and Sulzer-Azaroff, 1994). Standardization is the route favored by most of the hospitality industry. In this sector communication with customers are well organized manner with clear protocol for opening and concluding calls (Goodwin and Smith, 1990). To build trust of the customers and attracting them some strategies are performed by hotel organizations and that are, segmenting the market for matching customers needs with firm profile, customer database has been managed by using effective tiering of services, deliver value and satisfaction to all customers, develop trust in brand and install effective complaint handling and recovery procedures. Customer Retention in hospitality industry: To achieve full profit potential of each client or customer relationship has to be basic objective of hospitality sector. Though hotels are using conservative estimate, still the gap between most hotels current and full potential performance is enormous by all means. The profit has been achieved by retaining the customer base because only increasing 5% customer retention it will improve the profitability in net present values from 20% to 85% and hence in every industry sector customer retention is very important (Leslie and Russell, 2006). It is also observed through research that keeping existing customers is vital because to obtain new customers 5 to 10 times more cost will be required. Customer Data Integration: In CRM data management process is used in order to consolidate all customers and prospect data in order to create single accurate customers view is called Customer Data Integration (Monod, 1992). All hospitality sectors point of customer interaction should get access to an accurate and current customer centric view and under this concept to distribute the data timely manner is used for points of interaction Problems: There are several problem encounters while applying this system and that are difference between the data capturing and storing process, another one is disparateness in between databases where every database which is supported in a business case is developed in isolation. Problem encountered due to real-time customer interaction. Data latency is another problem which means as time passes data ageing is occurred due to batch processing (Wray-Bliss, 2001). Lack of standard is another process where no standard implies that data has to be integrated at point of contact. System data are compared by using imperfect matching techniques which lead towards data inaccuracy. Requirements of CDI: While using this data integration process it is requires enabling technology in order to manage initial and ongoing data integration efforts, the processes also require the technology used have capability of linking the customers, hotel-wide adoption of technology and customer linkage have to perform. Steps of CDI to indentify Touch Points: In CRMs language Touch Points are those points regarding to hotel industry where come in direct contact with the customer. Here any area where interaction has been occurring between hotels and their customers or prospect is the touch point. The interaction mediums are different such as human to human interaction can occur, interacting human to human but with the use of web technology i.e. communicating with customer through video chatting, human to technology interaction i.e. interacting with customer through computer telephony and next interaction can be done though technology to technology and web transaction is perfect example for this (Campbell et al, 1993). CRM model of trust and commitment in hospitality industry: Figure: Trust and commitment model It is the fact that when customer is satisfied with the services provided by the hotel and have full faith on their services and commitment then only they will loyal towards that hotel organization. And all the factors given in the above model has to be achieved by the organization in order to get trust and commitment from the customers. If organization keeps their promises made in the advertisements of prospects the customers will definitely want to come again and again over there with family and friends and also recommend their friend about the hotels but it will act vice versa if promises has not being kept (Rodie and Kleine, 2000). The latter involve considerably more efforts at building longer term interaction with clients and also keeping more trust worthy environment in performance skills of staff. To build trust of the customers and attracting them some strategies are performed by hotel organizations and that are, segmenting the market for matching customers needs with firm profile (Gallaghan and Thompson, 2002), customer database has been managed by using effective tiering of services, deliver value and satisfaction to all customers, develop trust in brand and install effective complaint handling and recovery procedures. There are certain factors which may drive customers to switch from particular organization and that are failure occur in maintaining core services such as mistake making during service providing, errors in billing, service catastrophe and so on. Another possibility is service encounter failures such as uncaring behavior, impoliteness, unresponsiveness or unknowledgeable behavior by hotel staff. Conclusion: This report will discuss how customer relationship management is important in hospitality industry and it is also shown that show retaining the customer is essential and impact of customer retention. Competitive advantage will be achieved one over other by providing, managing and driving CRM in different ways and hence it is worth to research on this in depth. The customers having trust on particular organization and satisfied from the services provided by that organization can only can loyal towards the organization. In this report we have been discussed various strategies for retaining the employees. Customer data integration tool also being discussed through the report. Negative word of mouth publicity can be reduced using the good complaint handling method, it is found through market research and also help to increase the sales. In this report we also observed the use of standardized approaches to deliver customer services against the empowerment of employee approaches. The human resource practices have been reviewed which can be used within industries to instill and develop key customer service skills among staff. References: Chandra, Satish and Strickland, T. J. 2004 Technological differences between CRM and eCRM, Issues in Information Systems, 5 (2), 41 Bitner, M. (1990) Evaluating service encounters: the effects of physical surroundings and employee responses, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 54, pp. 69-82. Harvey, J. (1998), Service quality: a tutorial, Journal of Operations Management, Vol. 1 No.5, Deery, S., Iverson, R. and Walsh, J. (2002). Work Relationships in Telephone Call Centres: Understanding Emotional Exhaustion and Employee Withdrawal. Journal of Management Studies, Vol. 39: pp. 471-496. Vandermerwe, S. (1994) Quality in services: the softer side is harder (and smarter). Long Range Planning, Vol 27, No. 2, pp. 45-56. Peccei, R. and Rosenthal, P. 2001. Delivering customer-oriented behaviour through empowerment: An empirical test of HRM assumptions. Journal of Management Studies, 38, 6: 831-857 Boxall, P. and Purcell, J. (2003) Strategy and Human Resource Management, Palgrave: London. Senker, J. (1995), Tacit knowledge and models of innovation, Industrial and Corporate Change, 10. Vol. 4, pp. 425-47. Campbell, J., McCloy, R., Oppler, S. and Sager, C. (1993). A theory of performance, in Scmitt, N., Borman, W.C. (Eds), Personnel Selection in Organisations, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA. Rose (1994) 'Job satisfaction, job skills, and personal skills', in M. Rose, R. Penn and J. Rubery. (eds.) Skill and Occupational Change, Oxford University Press. Babber and Koufteros (2008) The human element in airline service quality: contact personnel and the customer, International Journal of Operations and Production Management, Vol. 28, Iss. 9, pp. 804-830 Cook, S. and Macaulay, S. (1997) Customer service: Whats a smile got to do with it? Managing Service Quality, Vol. 7, No. 5, pp. 248-252. Holland, J. and Baird, L. (1968) An interpersonal competency scale, Educational and Psychological Measurement, Vol. 28, pp. 503-510. Humphreys, M. (1996) Exploring the relative effects of salesperson interpersonal process attributes and technical product attributes on customer satisfaction. Journal of Personal Selling and Sales Management, Vol. 16, pp. 47-57 Winsted, K. F. (2000). Service behaviors that lead to satisfied customers. European Journal of Marketing, 34, pp. 399417. Chandon Jean-Louis, Pierre-Yves Leo and Jean Philippe (1997) Service Encounter Dimensions A dyadic perspective: Measuring the Dimensions of Service Encounters as Perceived by Customers and Personnel, International Journal of Service Industry Management, Vol. 8 No. 1, pp. 65-86. Brown, C.S. and Sulzer-Azaroff, B. (1994), An assessment of the relationship between customer satisfaction and service friendliness, Journal of Organizational Behavior Management, Vol. 14, pp. 55-75 Goodwin, C. and Smith, K.L. (1990), Courtesy and friendliness: conflicting goals for the service provider? Journal of Services Marketing, Vol. 4 No. 1, pp. 5-2 Leslie, D. and Russell, H. (2006) The importance of foreign language skills in the tourism sector: A comparative study of student perceptions in the UK and continental Europe, Tourism Management Vol. 27, pp. 13971407 Monod, D. (1992) cited in Embleton, D., Hagen, S. (1992) Languages in International Business: A practical guide. London: Hodder Stroughton. Wray-Bliss, E. (2001), Representing Customer Service: Telephones and Texts, in A. Sturdy, I. Gruguilis and H. Willmott (eds), Customer Service: Empowerment and Entrapment, Houndmills: Palgrave. Hochschild, A. (1983), The Managed Heart: Commercialisation of Human Feeling, Berkeley: UCLA Press. Campbell, J., McCloy, R., Oppler, S., Sager, C. (1993), A theory of performance, in Schmitt,N., Borman, W.C. (Eds), Personnel Selection in Organizations, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA. Rodie, A.R. and Kleine, S.S. (2000), Customer participation in service production and delivery, in Swartz, T.A. and Iacobucci, D. (Eds), Handbook of Services Marketing and Management, Sage Publications: Thousand Oaks. Gallaghan, G. and P. Thompson (2002) We Recruit Attitude: The Selection and Shaping of Routine Call Centre Labour, Journal of Management Studies 39, 2, 233254. Thompson, P., C. Warhurst and G. Callaghan (2001), Ignorant Theory and Knowledgeable Workers: Knowledge, Skills and Competencies in Interactive Service Work, Journal of Management Studies Vol. 38, 7, pp. 923942. Batt, R. (2002) Managing Customer Services: Human Resource Practices, Quit Rates, and Sales Growth, Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 45, No. 3, pp. 587-597. Huang, W. (2008) The impact of other-customer failure on service satisfaction, International Journal of Service Industry Management, Vol. 19 No. 4, pp. 521-536

Pulmonary Disease or Lung Disease free essay sample

Pulmonary disease or lung disease is any disease or disorder that occurs in the lungs or that causes the lungs or that causes the lungs not to work correctly. Some diseases or disorders that affect the lungs are Pneumothrax, Pneumonia, Hemothorax, and Infectious Mononucleosis: Epstein Barr virus Infection. There are many signs, symptoms, treatments and medications for Pulmonary diseases. Symptoms and signs for Pneumothorax varies from patient to patient but usually includes Sudden and sharp soreness in the chest on the region where the lung is affected.Briefness of breath is a symptom depending the quantity of the lung that is collapsed there could be more or less shortness of breath. Tension in the chest around the area of the collapsed lung is a symptom or sign. Another Symptom or Sign is rapid heartbeat. Treatment for Pneumothorax is to allow the lung to heal. The quantity of the patient’s lung that is collapsed will determine whether the doctor needs to monitor the condition with X-rays until the lung re-expands to normal this can take up to a few days or a few weeks. We will write a custom essay sample on Pulmonary Disease or Lung Disease or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Needle or chest tube insertion is a form of treatment when the lung has collapsed this is how the doctor will remove the air from the patient’s lung. Chest tubes are often attached to a suction device that will constantly remove air from chest cavity this suction device can be in position for a couple of hours or a few days. Video assisted thoracoscopy is a commonly used surgical process where the doctor inserts two to three tubes one tube is for the camera while the other tubes are used to close the air leak with surgical tools. Video assisted thoracoscopy usually works but if it does not a surgical process with an incision may be needed.Medications for Pneumathrax are anesthetics and analgesics which should be used if the patient is not in distress. Antibiotics after chest tube insertion may decrease complications. Coding for Pneumothorax is 512 (requires a fourth numeral). Pneumonia is an infective inflammation of the lungs (Frazier Drzymkowski, 2009). Symptoms and signs of Pneumonia can differ from patient to patient but include fever, cough, and shortness of breath, sweating and shaking chills. Other symptoms and signs of Pneumonia are chest pain that changes with breathing headaches, muscle soreness and exhaustion.Treatment for Pneumonia differ depending on how bad the symptoms and signs are and the type of Pneumonia the patient has. Bacterial Pneumonia will be treated with antibiotics. Viral Pneumonia is treated with antiviral medications, plenty of rest and plenty of fluids. Mycoplasma Pneumonia is treated with antibiotics. Fungal Pneumonia is caused by fungus and is treated with antifungal medication. There are several medications that can be taken for Pneumonia. Amoxil is an antibiotic it must be taken for the entire length the doctor prescribed to be completely treated. Bactrim is an antibiotic that is used to treat infections caused by bacteria.Flagyl fights infection caused by bacteria. Zyvox fights bacteria in the body. The ICD-9-CM Code for Pneumonia is 486 (organism unnamed). Hemothorax is the accumulation of blood and fluid in the pleural cavity (Frazier Drzymkowski, 2009). The symptoms and signs of Hemothorax are nervousness, chest soreness, rapid heart rate, restlessness, and shortness of breath. Other symptoms and signs of Hemothorax are pale and damp skin weak pulse, and falling blood pressure. When treating Hemothorax the goal is to stop bleeding, get rid of the blood and air in the pleural space. A tube can be placed in the chest wall to deplete air and blood.The tube will be kept in place for several days to re-expand the lung. The blood that is lost must be replaced. Surgery may be needed to stop the bleeding. Medication for Hemothorax would be an antibiotic when tubes are in the patient’s chest. Pain control may be required in the chest area where the tube is going to inserted in the patient’s chest. The ICD-9-CM Code is 511. 8. Infectious Mononucleosis Epstein-Barr Virus Infection is also is known as Mono. Mono has many symptoms and signs they are exhaustion, weakness, uncomfortable throat, fever, inflamed tonsils, headache, irritation on skin, loss of hunger, nighttime sweats.Inflamed lymph nodes in the patient’s neck or armpits are also symptoms and signs of Mono. Mono is viral infection so antibiotics will not work to heal it. Bed rest and plenty of fluids are needed to fight Mono. Rinse your throat with lukewarm salt water to ease painful throat. Take acetaminophen or ibuprofen for soreness and fever. The ICD-9-CM Code for Mono is 075. Pulmonary disease or lung disease affects all people. All Pulmonary diseases have different symptoms, signs, forms of treatment, different types of medication and ICD-9 codes.

Comparing and contrasting The Lamb to the slaughter and The Vendetta Essay Example

Comparing and contrasting The Lamb to the slaughter and The Vendetta Paper In this essay I will be comparing and contrasting the stories of the Vendetta and The lamb to the slaughter. These two stories are about revenge. I will compare and contrast the way revenge is presented in both stories. In the story of The lamb to the slaughter, the main character is Mary Maloney. In the beginning Mary is portrayed as being a loving and devoted wife that dotes on her husband. Mary appears to love every little thing about her husband, she loved him for the way he sat loosely in his chair. At this point in the story Marys life seems almost perfect, she had everything she could ever want. She was pregnant, living in a comfortable house and with a husband she loved dearly. Things were going so well that something must go wrong. As soon as Patrick, Marys husband, tells Mary of his news she acts like nothing has happened, although she is clearly in shock. her first instinct was not to believe any of it, to reject it all. What Patrick said must have affected Mary strongly, even giving her the desire to vomit. Before Patrick had told her his news, Mary seemed content and comfortable. I think Mary started to suspect something wasnt right when Patrick told her to sit down. He acted strongly by saying it twice, Almost begging her to sit down, just for a minute, sit down. It was at this point that Mary got scared. Although as soon as he had told her she just went into a state of denial and carried on getting the supper. What he said didnt sink in, or maybe it did and Mary just chose no to think about it even though she was obviously upset. We will write a custom essay sample on Comparing and contrasting The Lamb to the slaughter and The Vendetta specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Comparing and contrasting The Lamb to the slaughter and The Vendetta specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Comparing and contrasting The Lamb to the slaughter and The Vendetta specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer While Mary went to get the supper she was almost like a robot, everything was automatic In the deep freeze she found a frozen leg of lamb and carried it back up the cellar steps. Upon reaching the top Patrick said for gods sake, dont make supper for me. Im going out. As he spoke something inside Mary clicked, what he had just told her seemed to sink in. Mary walked up behind Patrick and hit him across the back of the head with the frozen leg of lamb, which she had picked out for their supper. Calmly, Mary stepped back, still not realising what she had done. Patrick fell to the floor and the crashing noise of his fall made Mary realise what she had done. She calmly took in the fact he was dead by saying, all right and so Ive killed him. As soon as Mary had realised that she had killed her husband, she became devious. She started to think of the consequences and what would happen to her and her baby. Mary wasnt stupid, she knew that there would probably be a death penalty, yet she didnt know what would happen to the baby. Even though Mary had just killed her husband she still cared about her unborn child. For this reason Mary devised a plan and alibi in her head. She would act as normal. She practiced going to the shop and asking for some potatoes and a can of peas. Mary practised this in front of her mirror and applied her make up. As soon as she felt that her voice sounded normal, Mary left her dead husband lying on the floor and went to the shop. On her return, she saw the body of Patrick. Upon seeing the lifeless body Mary was truly shocked. She had convinced herself that she hadnt killed him, or even hit him. Mary had made herself believe this was just a normal day. By doing so Mary felt all the pain and horror of finding her husband dead again, yet this time she was heartbroken. The Widow Saverini is first presented to us as a poor old woman that loves her son, she lives alone with him and their dog. We know she is poor as the text says alone with her son in a poor little house. When Antoine Saverini, the widows son was murdered, his body was taken back to the widow. This would make us feel sympathetic towards the widow as she has to see the bloody body of her dead child. The widow is clearly extremely distressed over Antoines death and swears revenge on his killer. When the widow first saw the lifeless body of her son, she didnt even cry which gives us the impression she was in deep shock. She must have felt great pain over Antoines death and she locks herself, and the dog, into the house with Antoines body. Once locked in she broke down and wept great silent tears. We are told later on in the story that the widow is religious, as she goes to church and prays. I believe that this is why she swore revenge. As some religious people believe that the only way the soul can rest is if the death is avenged. As there was no-one else to carry out the vendetta the widow had no choice but to seek revenge herself. At the beginning of the story the widow is portrayed as a loving mother that is grieving for her dead son whom she loved and cared for. As the story progresses however the widow appears to become obsessed with avenging her sons death. All day long, sitting by the window, she looked over there and pondered revenge. Her whole life seems to revolve around avenging her son. As soon as the widow thinks of a plan of revenge, she becomes devious. She plans out far ahead and prepares everything perfectly. She trains the dog for three month, patiently waiting until the dog will follow her command perfectly. The widow then disguises herself before she carrys out her main objective. At the end of the story we see the widow as ruthless, but we remember her as a loving mother that is determined to carry out a promise she made to her son, whatever the cost. Both Mary and the Widow are very intelligent. We know this because they both cover their tracks exceptionally well. The Widow does this by disguising her self as an old man whereas Mary does not use a physical disguise, but instead conceals her guilt. The two women are from different generations and cultures, as well as the stories being set in different time eras. The Widow and Mary both dont seem to care what happens to them at first, Mary sees no life for herself without her husband and the widow is old and sees her life as pointless now her son has gone. Later on however Mary thinks about her baby and doesnt want to leave it and so makes sure that there is no way anyone would ever no it was her that was infact the murderer. Both women are manipulative, Mary is talented at acting and acts innocent and upset at the death of her husband. Mary not only convinces herself of her innocence but also manages to convince the police. The widow manipulates the dog, by training it to do as she says. Mary is rather impulsive and kills Patrick on the spur of the moment, however the Widow takes her time to carefully plan out the murder. Although we know clearly why the widow seeks revenge we do not know why Mary does because the author does not tell us. The effect of not knowing means we assume the worst, as it must have been really bad to compel her to murder the man she doted on and adored. Both the women used murder as their revenge, Mary killing her husband and the Widow killing her sons murderer. We get the impression that Patrick told Mary he was leaving her. If this was the case then both Mary and the Widow turned to murder because they had lost someone they loved. Both revenges are different. Marys revenge is spontaneous, but the Widows is planned out perfectly. Marys revenge seems to be the perfect crime, whereas the Widow has a few flaws in her plan, such as many people knowing she had a motive and also the fact many people saw her, even if dressed as an old man. Although it doesnt matter as much that the Widows crime had a few flaws because she didnt seem to care as much if she was caught as she was old and felt that she had nothing left to live for now her son had gone, whereas Mary was expecting her first child. The revenge I preferred was Marys. The crime was so perfect and I admire her intelligence and acting skills. In my opinion the Widow was to cold blooded whereas I can understand Marys motives more. I loved the way Mary acted around the police, even convincing them to eat the murder weapon whilst they were supposed to be searching for it.

Biography of Richard Hamilton, English Pop Art Pioneer

Biography of Richard Hamilton, English Pop Art Pioneer Richard William Hamilton (February 24, 1922 - September 13, 2011) was an English painter and collage artist best-known as the father of the Pop Art movement. He started the crucial elements that defined the style and laid the groundwork for future significant figures like Roy Lichtenstein and Andy Warhol. Fast Facts: Richard Hamilton Occupation: Painter and collage artistBorn: February 24, 1922 in London, EnglandDied: September 13, 2011 in London, EnglandSpouses: Terry OReilly (died 1962), Rita DonaghChildren: Dominy and RodericSelected Works: Just what is it that makes todays homes so different, so appealing? (1956), Towards a definitive statement on the coming trends in menswear and accessories (1962), Swingeing London (1969)Notable Quote: Its not so easy to create a memorable image. Art is made through the sensibilities of an artist, and the kind of ambitions and intelligence, curiosity and inner direction that role requires. Early Life and Education Born into a working-class family in London, England, Richard Hamilton began attending evening art classes at age 12 and received encouragement to apply to the Royal Academy of the Arts. The academy accepted him into its programs at age 16, but he had to withdraw when the school shut down in 1940 due to World War II. Hamilton was too young to enlist in the military and spent the war years executing technical drawings. Richard Hamilton returned to the Royal Academy when it reopened in 1946. Soon the school expelled him for not profiting from the instruction and failing to follow regulations. After acceptance into the Slade School of Art in 1948, Hamilton studied painting with artist William Coldstream. Less than two years later, he exhibited his work at the Institute for Contemporary Arts in London. His new friendships with fellow artists allowed him to be present at the 1952 meeting of the Independent Group where Eduardo Paolozzi showed collages with images from American magazine advertisements. They inspired Richard Hamilton to explore what soon became known as Pop Art. Chris Morphet / Getty Images British Pop Art In the 1950s, Richard Hamilton began teaching art in various locations around London. In 1956, he helped define the This Is Tomorrow exhibit at the Whitechapel Gallery. Many consider the event the beginning of the British Pop Art movement. It included Hamiltons landmark piece Just what is it that makes todays homes so different, so appealing? Following the acclaim surrounding This Is Tomorrow, Hamilton accepted a teaching position at the Royal College of Art in London. David Hockney was among his students. In a 1957 letter, Hamilton stated that Pop art is: popular, transient, expendable, low-cost, mass-produced, young, witty, sexy, gimmicky, glamorous, and Big Business. China Photos / Getty Images A personal tragedy took place in 1962 when Richard Hamiltons wife, Terry, died in a car accident. While mourning, he traveled to the U.S. and developed an interest in the work of conceptual art pioneer Marcel Duchamp. Hamilton met the legendary artist at a Pasadena retrospective, and they became friends. Art and Music In the 1960s, Richard Hamilton straddled the gap between pop music and contemporary art. Bryan Ferry, founder and lead vocalist of Roxy Music, was one of his dedicated students. Through his agent, Robert Fraser, Hamilton encountered other rock musicians like the Rolling Stones. A drug arrest of Fraser and Rolling Stones lead vocalist, Mick Jagger, is the subject of a series of 1969 Richard Hamilton prints titled Swingeing London. Hamilton also developed a friendship with Paul McCartney of The Beatles and designed the cover for the White Album in 1968. Swingeing London 67 (1969). Dan Kitwood / Getty Images Late in his career, Hamilton explored working with new technology. He used television and computers. After the BBC asked him to take part in a television series titled Painting With Light, he used Quantel Paintbox software to develop new works of art. It wasnt his first exploration of the interaction of modern technology and art. He used a stereophonic soundtrack and Polaroid camera demonstration as elements of his art lectures as early as 1959. Legacy Richard Hamilton is often credited as the father of Pop Art. His concepts and works influenced the movement in both the U.K. and the U.S. The piece Just what is it that makes todays homes so different, so appealing from 1956 is usually identified as the first true Pop Art piece. It is a collage using images cut out of American magazines. A contemporary muscleman and a female underwear model are perched in a modern living room surrounded by state-of-the-art technology and luxury items. The word Pop on a lollipop held by the muscleman like a tennis racket gave the title to the movement. Hamiltons first work of Pop Art also includes elements that predict major directions in the movement. A painting on the back wall showing comic book art anticipates Roy Lichtenstein. A canned ham points toward the consumer art of Andy Warhol, and the oversized lollipop is reminiscent of the sculptures of Claes Oldenburg. Sources Sylvester, David. Richard Hamilton. Distributed Art, 1991.

Build International Client Relationship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Build International Client Relationship - Essay Example Client profile information can help the company to develop a suitable market segment from a detailed profile of customer purchasing behaviour and preferences. This information will assist an organisation to interact with its customers in the best possible way and work together effectively. For example, information about issues and concerns, performance, and future strategies can help a business in understanding customers’ characteristics and developing consumer profiles. Market research can be used to collect data to enhance consumer awareness and build long-term relationships. 3. List different modes of communication that could be used to communicate with international clients? Face-to-face Phone calls E-mail Fax Meetings Skype Conferences such as formal conferences and video conferences Customer audits and investigations 4. Discuss issues that would need to be considered when establishing the preferred mode of communication with international clients? The issues that busines ses need to consider when establishing a preferred mode of communication with international clients include: The length of time that a customer has been conducting business with the company Language barriers and the interpretation of different cultures Differences in perception as each person thinks differently and develops ideas in their own unique way The nature of the information and complexity needed to be managed in order to prevent conflict Misinterpretation of information may result in loss of sales and potential legal action Confidentiality is required in dealing with clients as their information should be kept private Technological availability is crucial because, if managed effectively, it can improve communication and make maintaining relationships with international clients easier Speed is an important factor in replying to clients' requests so as to respond in a timely manner and make the business friendly for clients Time differences between countries can cause difficu lties in communicating with clients Therefore, the company must check any potential time zone differences and respond at the appropriate times to respond to clients' requests. 5. Discuss record keeping strategies for communications with international clients? —Develop hard copies to keep clients' records in a secure and confidential place —Save copies of e-mail communication to make it easier to deal with clients —Database software should be used to keep clients’ information and profiles —Make a backup of the clients’ profiles in case of emergencies such as computer system breakdown —Schedule meeting appointments and reminders using Microsoft Outlook and other reminder applications. 6. Discuss strategies that could be implemented to facilitate regular communications with international clients? Businesses can organize special events such as product launch functions or an organisation anniversary as strategies to maintain regular commun ication with international clients. For example, businesses can send out invitations regularly by mail or e-mail to invite international clients to participate in business events and special functions. This strategy allows the business to be the client's first choice when its services are needed. Moreover, businesses need to